安溪：海丝铁观音茶源 乌龙茶圣地

目前，泉州共有15项农业文化系统列入全国重要农业文化遗产名录。为挖掘闽南优秀农耕文化，促进休闲农业发展，推动乡村文化振兴和乡村产业融合，即日起陆续对泉州市农业文化遗产暨休闲农业精品景点进行推介。

说起茶，肯定避不开铁观音

作为铁观音发源地，中国乌龙茶之乡

安溪以传统铁观音品种选育

加之种植栽培、植保管理、采制工艺和茶文化为核心

形成了一套完整齐全、独树一帜的茶文化系统

首期推介活动

就从安溪开始吧

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01

GENERAL SITUATION

走进安溪铁观音文化系统

铁观音发源地——安溪西坪

安溪铁观音文化系统位于福建省东南部晋江西溪上游的安溪县西坪镇，居山而近海。

核心区位于安溪县西坪镇，包括松岩、尧山、尧阳、上尧、南阳5个村。该区春末夏初，雨热同步;秋冬两季，光湿互补，十分适宜茶树生长。

2014年，安溪铁观音茶文化系统入选中国重要农业文化遗产。

02

GEVELOPMENT

安溪铁观音的“前世今生”

生态茶园

安溪茶叶起源于唐末，兴于明清，盛于当代。清雍正年间（1725年）在安溪县西坪镇发现并开始推广。

千年积淀   百年发展   十年腾飞

茶业对安溪而言，是支柱，是民生，是特色，是引擎。而通过“茶—林—绿肥”、“果—茶—草”、“茶—防护林”的多种复合种植栽培模式，达到树、草、肥、水、路的有机结合，形成“头戴帽，腰系带，脚穿鞋”的生态茶园。

从就业角度看，全县26万农户中有20万农户种植，加工茶叶；118万人口中有50多万人以茶为生，从事与茶相关的行业。

03

GULTIVATION TECHNIQUE

不断创新的栽培技术

采青

明崇祯十三年（1640年）前后，安溪茶农在长期生产实践中，从茶树枝条压在土壤中能生根发芽而得到启发，创造出“茶树整株压条繁殖法”，这标志着茶树从有性繁殖到无性繁殖的转变。

民国9年（1920年）前后，西坪乡茶农试验“长穗扦插繁殖法”获得成功。

民国24年（1935年）西坪乡平原村教师王成文改“长穗扦插法”为“短穗扦插法”。克服了种子播种的有性繁殖法和压条繁殖的无性繁殖法的种种不足，具有省母树枝条、省操作工时、又能保持母树优良种质、还能大量培育优良出圃苗木的优点。

04

TEA AROMA

独树一帜的“观音韵”与“兰花香”

晒青与摇青

安溪铁观音是“半发酵”的乌龙茶，其制作有10道工序，是所有茶类中最高超、最精湛、最独特的制茶技艺。

茶青制作过程中在人为控制和调节下，经晒青、凉青、摇青，使之发生一系列物理、生物、化学变化，形成奇特的“绿叶红镶边”，构成独特的“色、香、味”内质，又以高温杀青制止酶的活性，再进行揉捻和反复多次的包揉，烘焙，形成带有天然的“兰花香”和“观音韵”的高雅品质。

"铁观音的香气是摇出来的,滋味是揉出来的"

观音韵是品种、地域、精湛工艺三者的高度融合，香气呈现馥郁的兰花香，香在水中，水在韵中，饮后满口生津、齿颊留香、喉头回甘、沁人肺腑、心旷神怡，真正给人一种绝妙的艺术享受。

传统铁观音

传统铁观音外形是蜻蜓头、螺旋体、青蛙腿，质如铁,芙蓉砂绿色。

05

TEA CULTURE

独特的“安溪茶文化”

茶艺

安溪产茶历史悠久,茶乡人民，通过长期的生活积累，演变发展，口传心授，世代相袭，自然积淀而形成了独特的茶俗茶文化。

茶，已渗透到人民的生活、生产、衣食住行、婚丧喜庆、迎来送往的礼俗和日常交际之中。

茶艺是茶文化的精华，很有闽南生活气息和艺术情调，追求清雅，向往和谐，在人与茶的互动中，传递着“纯、雅、礼、和”的茶道精神。

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不止于文化遗产

还有美丽的茶文化文旅景点

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围绕“安溪铁观音茶文化系统”，安溪整合了与茶文化相关的休闲农业景点，推出了“中国茶都→芦田云岭茶庄园→大宝峰茶厂→铁观音发源地西坪”的”海丝茶源·乌龙圣地”安溪茶文化休闲景点线路。

图片

茶文化圣地-铁观音发源地西坪

西坪镇安溪县西坪镇松岩村、南岩村、尧山村

安溪铁观音文化系统遗产地——西坪

茶乡民俗活动

西坪镇是世界十大名茶之一——中国铁观音茶的发源地，斐声中外的乌龙茶之乡，海丝茶路的重要集散地，福建安溪铁观音茶文化系统遗产地，有全国重点文物保护单位大宝山泰山楼，还有代天府、茶禅寺等旅游景点。

云岭茶庄园

安溪云岭茶庄园安溪县芦田镇福岭村大草埔坂

· 茶庄园云雾缭绕 ·

云岭茶庄园位于安溪县芦田镇，四周群山环抱，云蒸霞蔚，其前身为国营芦田茶场，是早期外贸定点乌龙茶出口厂家之一。

现在的云岭，是国家级现代农业产业园三产融合示范点、中国重要农业文化遗产地和“清新福建 气候福地”避暑清凉福地，集茶叶生产加工、茶文化传播、研发创新、旅游观光、休闲体验为一体的茶业综合体。

2019年云岭所在村福岭村获评中国美丽休闲乡村。

# 制茶体验

中国茶都

安溪金融行政服务中心安溪县城厢镇金融行政服务中心北侧

中国茶都，全国农业旅游示范点，位于县城区东南部，依山傍水，典雅秀丽，兼有欧式气派和侨乡风格，是集茶市物流、信息交流、文化旅游、科学研究为一体的茶业新都市。

中国茶都拥有茶博馆、万壶馆、福源大茶壶、石雕茶文化柱、斗茶厅、紫砂阁、茶诗长廊、茶都公园等一批独具茶文化特色的旅游景点，是领略中国茶都茶市交易繁荣盛景，解读中国茶史，了解乌龙茶工艺流程，欣赏铁观音茶艺表演等重要的茶文化旅游平台。

英语翻译

At present, a total of 15 agricultural cultural systems in Quanzhou have been included in the national important agricultural cultural heritage list. In order to excavate the excellent farming culture of southern Fujian, promote the development of leisure agriculture, and promote the revitalization of rural culture and the integration of rural industries, the agricultural cultural heritage and leisure agriculture boutique scenic spots in Quanzhou will be promoted successively from now on.

Speaking of tea, I can’t avoid Tieguanyin

As the birthplace of Tieguanyin, the hometown of Oolong tea in China

Breeding of Traditional Tieguanyin Variety in Anxi

In addition, planting and cultivation, plant protection management, harvesting technology and tea culture are the core

Formed a complete and unique tea culture system

The first promotion

Let's start from Anxi

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01

GENERAL SITUATION

Walk into Anxi Tieguanyin Cultural System

The birthplace of Tieguanyin-Anxi Xiping

Anxi Tieguanyin Cultural System is located in Xiping Town, Anxi County, in the upper reaches of Xixi, Jinjiang, in the southeast of Fujian Province. It resides in the mountains and near the sea.

The core area is located in Xiping Town, Anxi County, including 5 villages: Songyan, Yaoshan, Yaoyang, Shangyao, and Nanyang. In the area in late spring and early summer, rain and heat are synchronized; autumn and winter, light and humidity complement each other, which is very suitable for the growth of tea trees.

In 2014, Anxi Tieguanyin Tea Culture System was selected as an important agricultural cultural heritage in China.

02

GEVELOPMENT

"Past and Present" of Anxi Tieguanyin

Eco Tea Garden

Anxi tea originated in the late Tang Dynasty, flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and flourished in the contemporary era. It was discovered in Xiping Town, Anxi County during the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty (1725) and began to promote it.

Thousand years of accumulation, a hundred years of development, ten years of take-off

For Anxi, the tea industry is the backbone, people's livelihood, feature, and engine. And through the "tea-forest-green manure", "fruit-tea-grass", "tea-protective forest" multiple compound planting and cultivation modes, the organic combination of trees, grass, fertilizer, water and roads is achieved, forming a "wearing hat". , Waist belt, feet wear shoes" ecological tea garden.

From an employment perspective, 200,000 farmers of the county’s 260,000 farmers grow and process tea; more than 500,000 of the 1.18 million population depend on tea for their livelihoods and engage in tea-related industries.

03

GULTIVATION TECHNIQUE

Continuous innovation of cultivation techniques

Caiqing

Around the thirteenth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1640), the Anxi tea farmers in their long-term production practice were inspired by the fact that the tea branches can take root and sprout when pressed in the soil, and created the "tea tree whole plant layering propagation method", which signifies that the tea trees have never had their roots. The transition from sexual reproduction to asexual reproduction.

Around the 9th year of the Republic of China (1920), tea farmers in Xiping Township succeeded in experimenting with the "Long Spike Cutting Propagation Method".

In the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935), Wang Chengwen, a teacher in Pingyuan Village, Xiping Township, changed the "long spike cutting method" to the "short spike cutting method". It overcomes the deficiencies of the sexual propagation method of seed sowing and the asexual propagation method of layering propagation, and has the advantages of saving mother branches and man-hours, maintaining the excellent germplasm of the mother tree, and cultivating a large number of excellent nursery seedlings.

04

TEA AROMA

Unique "Guanyin Rhyme" and "Orchid Fragrance"

Shaking and Shaking

Anxi Tieguanyin is a "semi-fermented" oolong tea with 10 processes, which is the highest, most exquisite and unique tea-making technique among all teas.

In the process of making tea green, under artificial control and adjustment, a series of physical, biological, and chemical changes occur through sun drying, cooling green, and shaking green, forming a peculiar "green leaf and red border", forming a unique "color, The inner substance of "fragrance and taste" is quenched by high temperature to stop the activity of enzymes, and then kneaded and repeatedly wrapped and baked to form an elegant quality with natural "orchid fragrance" and "guanyin rhyme".

"The fragrance of Tieguanyin is shaken out, and the taste is kneaded out"

Guanyin rhyme is a high degree of fusion of variety, region, and exquisite craftsmanship. The aroma presents a rich orchid fragrance. The fragrance is in the water and the water is in the rhyme. After drinking, the mouth is full of body fluid, the teeth and cheeks are scented, the throat is sweet, refreshing, and refreshing. , It really gives people a wonderful artistic enjoyment.

Traditional Tieguanyin

Traditional Tieguanyin has a dragonfly head, a spiral body, and a frog's legs.

05

TEA CULTURE

Unique "Anxi Tea Culture"

Tea art

Anxi has a long history of producing tea. The people of the tea village have formed a unique tea culture through long-term life accumulation, evolution and development, oral teaching, generation after generation, and natural accumulation.

Tea has penetrated into the people's life, production, clothing, food, housing, transportation, weddings and funerals, welcoming and sending etiquette and daily communication.

Tea art is the essence of tea culture. It is full of Minnan life and artistic sentiment. It pursues elegance and yearns for harmony. In the interaction between people and tea, it conveys the tea ceremony spirit of "pure, elegance, courtesy, and harmony".

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More than cultural heritage

There are also beautiful tea culture cultural tourism attractions

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Focusing on the "Anxi Tieguanyin Tea Culture System", Anxi has integrated leisure agricultural attractions related to tea culture, and launched the "Chinese Tea Capital→Lutian Yunling Tea Estate→Dabaofeng Tea Factory→Xiping, the birthplace of Tieguanyin". Tea Source·Oolong Holy Land" Anxi Tea Culture and Leisure Scenic Spot Route.

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The Holy Land of Tea Culture-Xiping, the birthplace of Tieguanyin

Songyan Village, Nanyan Village, Yaoshan Village, Xiping Town, Anxi County, Xiping Town

Anxi Tieguanyin Cultural System Heritage Site-Xiping

Tea Village Folk Activities

Xiping Town is one of the top ten famous teas in the world-the birthplace of Tieguanyin tea in China, the hometown of oolong tea in Feisheng at home and abroad, the important distribution center of Haisi tea road, and the heritage site of Tieguanyin tea culture system in Anxi, Fujian. There are national key cultural relics. Taishan Tower in Dabaoshan is the protection unit, as well as tourist attractions such as Daitian Mansion and Chachan Temple.

Yunling Tea Manor

Anxi Yunling Tea Manor, Dacaopu Ban, Fuling Village, Lutian Town, Anxi County

· The tea manor is surrounded by clouds and mist ·

Yunling Tea Manor is located in Lutian Town, Anxi County, surrounded by mountains and steamed with clouds. Its predecessor was the state-owned Lutian Tea Farm. It was one of the early foreign trade designated oolong tea exporters.

Now Yunling is a national modern agricultural industrial park's tertiary industry integration demonstration site, an important agricultural cultural heritage site in China, and a "fresh Fujian climate blessed land" for summer and cool blessings. It integrates tea production and processing, tea culture dissemination, research and development, innovation, tourism, and tourism. A tea industry complex integrating leisure experience.

In 2019, Fuling Village, where Yunling is located, was rated as China's Beautiful Leisure Village.

# Tea making experience

China Tea Capital

Anxi Financial Administrative Service Center North of the Financial Administrative Service Center of Chengxiang Town, Anxi County

China's tea capital, a national agricultural tourism demonstration site, is located in the southeast of the county, surrounded by mountains and rivers, elegant and beautiful, with European style and overseas Chinese style. It integrates tea market logistics, information exchange, cultural tourism, and scientific research. A new city in the tea industry.

The Chinese tea capital has a number of tourist attractions with unique tea culture characteristics, such as the Tea Museum, Wanhu Pavilion, Fuyuan Teapot, Stone Carving Tea Culture Pillar, Doucha Hall, Zisha Pavilion, Tea Poetry Corridor, Tea Capital Park, etc. Appreciate the prosperity of the tea market in China's tea capital, interpret the history of Chinese tea, understand the process of oolong tea, and enjoy Tieguanyin tea art performances and other important tea culture tourism platforms.