铁观音春茶进入采制高峰期

目前，安溪的黄旦、本山、金观音等早芽种已经采制结束，铁观音进入采制高峰期。

预计当地2022年春茶产量约2.4万吨（春茶产量占全年的40％）。春茶毛茶均价约65元一斤，比去年同期增长8％。

□本报记者 谢伟端 通讯员 黄东华 文/图

安溪铁观音进入采制高峰期

按照传统，每年的“五一”期间，是安溪铁观音采制的高峰期。今年却比往年提前了几天。据感德品苑负责人吴堃东介绍，今年铁观音茶芽比往年长势较快，4月26日起，安溪全县就开始大面积开采铁观音。“我们合作社的茶叶大概在5月8日前就能全部采完。”安溪祥华乡一合作社负责人詹宝福说，5月1日、2日两天因为下雨，没有采摘，3日和4日天气转好，铁观音大量采摘，这两三天铁观音的品质也很好。“通常情况下，安溪铁观音茶芽在夏至之后就会变得粗老，就不能采摘了。”安溪铁观音大师刘金龙说。

安溪县农业农村局有关负责人介绍，经向收购大户、县级以上示范农场、合作社，龙头企业了解，截至5月3日，黄旦、本山、金观音等早芽种已经采制结束，铁观音进入采制高峰期，春茶生产进度约完成总量60%。预计2022年春茶产量在2.4万吨左右，占全年的40％。

春茶的市场价格走势如何？吴堃东和詹宝福均表示：“毛茶一斤价格在五六十元、七八十元的比较多，好的单价一百多元，甚至两三百元。”而来自安溪县农业农村局的数据显示，今年春茶毛茶均价约65元一斤，比去年同期增长8％。而基地茶（指通过“龙头企业+合作社+基地+茶农”的产业化组织形式，建立起来的自有基地、协议基地所生产的茶叶）均价120元左右，比去年同期增长11%，占总量的20％。

小品种茶大放异彩

安溪茶文化源远流长，除了铁观音被大家所熟知外，还有梅占、毛蟹、本山等六款全国农作物品种审定委员会认定的国家茶树良种，以及金观音等新研发的优良品种，近年来也绽放出别样的光彩。

近日，记者来到安溪县芦田镇三洋村大银峯茶叶专业合作社，合作社负责人杨淑真正带领社员们在银瓶山上采摘梅占茶青。银瓶山是安溪首批认定的12座名茶名山之一，海拔1411.4米，也是中国梅占茶的发源地。据杨淑真介绍，她长期在江苏、上海、浙江等沿海城市经营老家的梅占茶。前几年她回到老家创建合作社，有55户社员，都是当地农户。社员们入股合作社，并根据合作社的要求实行六个统一管理模式，打造茶园基地生态环境，把茶园变美丽茶公园，把茶区变景区，把茶山变金山。当地村民戏称梅占为“百变茶青”，可塑性强。之前杨淑真充分挖掘梅占茶的品质特征，创新制作工艺，通过反复尝试，摸索研制出梅占乌龙茶、梅占红茶、梅占岩茶等茶品。两个月前，在前期做了充分市场调研的基础上，杨淑真回到老家。这段时间，每天采完茶青，她就和制茶师傅们躲在加工厂内，研发梅占白茶、绿茶等新茶品。记者在合作社产品架上看到一款包装精致的新产品，里面包含乌龙茶、绿茶、白茶、红茶等10余种不同口感的梅占茶，这10余款茶的原料都来源于银瓶山的同一片茶园，但风味各不相同。“有机化管理的梅占茶，只要把原料品质关把控好，做什么品类的茶都好喝。”杨淑真将之发布到微信朋友圈，收获满满的订单。

有的茶人则在同一个基地里套种安溪多种茶类。记者了解到，龙涓乡举源茶业专业合作社的基地里，既种植铁观音，也种植金观音、梅占等茶，“这么大的基地，需要有一个比较合理的采摘周期，所以不能只种铁观音一种茶。”基地负责人说，金观音是黄旦跟铁观音嫁接后的品种，而黄旦在安溪又是春茶中最早采摘的品种，金观音也属早芽种，4月上旬就已驻芽了，中旬就已采摘。金观音采摘完后，可以采摘梅占，梅占属于中芽种。梅占采完再采铁观音，铁观音大概比金观音的采摘晚了20天。几种茶叶产生的经济效益都很好。

At present, Huangdan, Benshan, Jinguanyin and other early bud seeds in Anxi have been harvested, and Tieguanyin has entered the peak period of harvesting.

It is estimated that the local production of spring tea in 2022 will be about 24,000 tons (spring tea production accounts for 40% of the whole year). The average price of spring tea hair tea is about 65 yuan per catty, an increase of 8% over the same period last year.

□ This newspaper reporter Xie Weiduan correspondent Huang Donghua text/picture

Anxi Tieguanyin has entered the peak period of mining and production

According to tradition, the annual "May 1st" period is the peak period of Anxi Tieguanyin mining. This year is a few days earlier than usual. According to Wu Kundong, the person in charge of Gande Pinyuan, this year Tieguanyin tea buds are growing faster than in previous years. "The tea leaves in our cooperative will probably be picked before May 8." Zhan Baofu, head of a cooperative in Xianghua Township, Anxi, said that on May 1 and 2, the tea was not picked due to rain. On the 3rd and 4th The weather has improved, and Tieguanyin has been picked in large quantities. The quality of Tieguanyin in the past two or three days is also very good. "Usually, Anxi Tieguanyin tea buds will become rough and old after the summer solstice and cannot be picked," said Liu Jinlong, master of Anxi Tieguanyin.

According to the relevant person in charge of the Anxi County Agriculture and Rural Bureau, after the acquisition of large households, demonstration farms above the county level, cooperatives, and leading enterprises, as of May 3, the harvesting and production of early buds such as Huangdan, Benshan and Jinguanyin have been completed. Entering the peak period of harvesting and production, the production progress of spring tea is about 60% of the total. The output of spring tea in 2022 is expected to be around 24,000 tons, accounting for 40% of the whole year.

How is the market price of spring tea? Wu Kundong and Zhan Baofu both said: "The price of a pound of hairy tea is more than 50 to 60 yuan, 70 to 80 yuan, and a good unit price is more than 100 yuan, or even 200 to 300 yuan." Data from Anxi County Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau shows that , The average price of spring tea hair tea this year is about 65 yuan per catty, an increase of 8% over the same period last year. The average price of base tea (referring to the tea produced by self-owned bases and contracted bases established through the industrialized organization form of "leading enterprises + cooperatives + bases + tea farmers") is about 120 yuan, an increase of 11% over the same period last year, accounting for 20% of the total.

Small varieties of tea shine

Anxi tea culture has a long history. In addition to Tieguanyin, which is well-known to everyone, there are also six national tea tree varieties recognized by the National Crop Variety Approval Committee, such as Meizhan, Maoxi, and Benshan, as well as newly developed excellent varieties such as Jinguanyin, which have also bloomed in recent years. A different kind of brilliance.

Recently, the reporter came to Dayinfeng Tea Professional Cooperative in Sanyang Village, Lutian Town, Anxi County. Yinping Mountain is one of the first 12 famous tea mountains recognized by Anxi, with an altitude of 1411.4 meters, and it is also the birthplace of Chinese Meizhan tea. According to Yang Shuzhen, she has been running Meizhan Tea in her hometown for a long time in coastal cities such as Jiangsu, Shanghai and Zhejiang. A few years ago, she returned to her hometown to create a cooperative, with 55 members, all of whom were local farmers. The members invest in the cooperative, and implement six unified management modes according to the requirements of the cooperative, to create the ecological environment of the tea garden base, to transform the tea garden into a beautiful tea park, the tea area into a scenic spot, and the tea mountain into a golden mountain. Local villagers dubbed Mei Zhan as "Variety Tea Green" with strong plasticity. Before, Yang Shuzhen fully explored the quality characteristics of Meizhan tea, innovated the production process, and through repeated attempts, explored and developed Meizhan Oolong Tea, Meizhan Black Tea, Meizhan Rock Tea and other tea products. Two months ago, Yang Shuzhen returned to her hometown after doing sufficient market research in the early stage. During this time, after picking the green tea every day, she and the tea masters hid in the processing factory to develop new tea products such as Meizhan white tea and green tea. The reporter saw a new product with exquisite packaging on the product shelf of the cooperative, which contains more than 10 kinds of Meizhan tea with different tastes, such as oolong tea, green tea, white tea, black tea, etc. A tea garden, but with different flavors. "The organically managed Meizhan tea, as long as the quality of the raw materials is well controlled, any type of tea is delicious." Yang Shuzhen posted it to the WeChat Moments, and received a lot of orders.

Some tea masters grow a variety of Anxi teas in the same base. The reporter learned that in the base of the Juyuan Tea Industry Professional Cooperative in Longjuan Township, both Tieguanyin, Jinguanyin, Meizhan and other teas are planted. Plant Tieguanyin as a type of tea." The person in charge of the base said that Jin Guanyin is a variety of Huangdan and Tieguanyin grafted, and Huangdan is the earliest spring tea variety picked in Anxi, and Jin Guanyin is also an early bud species. The buds have been stationed in the first ten days of the month, and they have been picked in the middle of the month. After the golden Guanyin is picked, you can pick Meizhan, which belongs to the middle bud species. Mei Zhan picks Tieguanyin after picking, which is about 20 days later than Jin Guanyin. The economic benefits of several types of tea are very good.