安溪铁观音 美如观音重似铁，味如甘露色如金

铁观音原产于福建省安溪县。

据《清水岩志》载：“清水顶尖，出云吐雾，寺僧植茶，饱山岚之气，沐日月之精，得烟霞之霭，食之能疗百病。老寮等属人家，清香之味不及也。鬼空口有宋植二、三株其味尤香，其功益大，饮之不觉两腋风生，倘遇陆羽，将以补茶话焉”，声明安溪唐代已产茶。

到明代茶产稍盛，《安溪县志》有“常乐、崇善等里货(指茶)卖甚多”的记载。18世纪后期安溪茶户有了较大开展。诗人阮锡在《安溪茶歌》中有“安溪之山郁嵯峨，甚阴常湿生丛茶。居人清明采嫩叶，为价甚贱保万家……”之句。随之茶区农民还选育出各种优良茶树品种，其内以铁观音制茶品质为最优。

铁观音原是茶树品种名，出于它适制乌龙茶，其乌龙茶成品遂亦名为铁观音。所说铁观音茶即以铁观音品种茶树制成的乌龙茶。

安溪铁观音制作严谨，技能精巧。鲜叶采摘规范必然在嫩梢造成驻芽后，顶叶刚发展呈小开面或中开面时，采下二、三叶。采时要办到“五不”，即不折断叶片，不折叠叶张，不碰碎叶尖，不带单片，不带鱼叶和老梗。成长地区各异的茶树鲜叶要分解，特殊是早青、午青、晚青要严肃分解制造，以午青品质为最优。

安溪铁观音的制造工艺，要经过：凉青、晒青、凉青、做青、(摇青摊置)、炒青、揉捻、初焙、复焙、复包揉、文火慢烤、拣簸等工序才制成成品。

上等铁观音茶条卷曲、壮结、沉重，呈青蒂绿腹蜻蜓头状。光泽鲜润，砂绿显，红点明，叶表带白霜，这无疑是上等铁观音的举足轻重特点之一。铁观音汤色金黄，浓艳清澈，叶底肥厚明亮，具绸面色泽。泡饮茶汤醇厚甘鲜，进口回甘带蜜味;香气馥郁长久，有“七泡有余香之誉”。

肥胖症是一种伴随人们生活水平不断提高而出现的营养失调性病症，它是由于营养摄取过多或是体内贮存的能量利用不够而引起的。肥胖症不仅给人们日常生活中带来诸多不便，而且也是引发心血管疾病、糖尿病的一个原因。1996年，福建省中医药研究院对102个患有单纯性肥胖的成年男女，进行了饮用铁观音减肥作用的研究。研究表明，铁观音中含有大量的茶多酚物质，不仅可提高脂肪分解酶的作用，而且可促进组织的中性脂肪酶的代谢活动。因而饮用铁观音能改善肥胖者的体型，有效减少肥胖者的皮下脂肪和腰围，从而减轻其体重。

铁观音茶叶是防暑降温的好饮料。李时珍《本草纲目》载：“茶苦味寒，最能降火，火为百病，火降则上清矣。温饮则火因寒气而下降，热饮则借火气而升散。”在盛夏三伏天，酷日当空，暑气逼人的时候，饮上一杯清凉铁观音或是一杯热铁观音，都会感到身心凉爽，生津解暑。这是因为茶汤中含有茶多酚类、糖类、氨基酸、果胶、维生素等与口腔中的唾液起了化学反应，滋润口腔，所以能起到生津止渴的作用。同时，由于铁观音中的咖啡碱作用，促使大量的能量从人体的皮肤毛孔里散出。据报道，喝一杯热茶，通过人体的皮肤毛孔出汗散发的热量，相当于这杯茶的50倍，故能使人感到凉爽解暑。

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饮茶可以提神益思几乎人人皆知。我国历代医书记载颇多，历代文人墨客、高僧也无不挥动生花妙笔，颂茶之提神益思之功。白居易《赠东邻王十三》诗曰：“携手池边月，开襟竹下风。驱愁知酒力，破睡见茶功。”诗中明白地提到了茶叶提神破睡之功。苏东坡诗曰：“建茶三十片，不审味如何，奉赠包居士，僧房战睡魔。”他说把建茶送给包居士，让其饮了在参禅时可免打瞌睡。饮茶可以益思，故受到人们的喜爱，尤其为一些作家、诗人及其他脑力劳动者所深爱。如法国的大文豪巴尔扎克、美籍华人女作家韩素音和我国著名作家姚雪垠等都酷爱饮茶，以助文思。

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铁观音可提神益思，其功能主要在于茶叶中的咖啡碱。咖啡碱具有兴奋中枢神经、增进思维、提高效率的功能。因此，饮茶后能破睡、提神、去烦、解除疲倦、清醒头脑、增进思维，能显著地提高口头答辩能力及数学思维的反应。同时，由于铁观音中含有多酚类等化合物，抵消了纯咖啡碱对人体产生的不良影响。这也是饮茶历史源远流长、长盛不衰、不断发展的重要原因之一。

Tieguanyin originated in Anxi County, Fujian Province.

According to "Qingshuiyan Zhi": "The clear water is at the top, out of clouds and mists, temples and monks plant tea, full of the air of the mountains, the essence of the sun and the moon, the haze of the haze, and the food can cure all diseases. Laoliao and others belong to others. The fragrance is not as good as it is. There are two or three plants of Songzhi in Guikongkou, which are especially fragrant and have great benefits. If you drink it, you will feel the wind in your armpits. If you meet Lu Yu, you will talk about making up the tea.” Anxi Tang On behalf of the tea has been produced.

In the Ming Dynasty, when tea production flourished, "Anxi County Annals" recorded that "Changle, Chongshan and other local goods (referring to tea) were sold a lot". In the late 18th century, tea households in Anxi developed greatly. The poet Ruan Xi said in "Anxi Tea Song" that "the mountains of Anxi are swell and swell, and it is very cloudy and often wet, and there are tea leaves. The people who live in Qingming pick tender leaves, and the price is very low to protect thousands of families...". Subsequently, farmers in the tea area also selected and bred various excellent tea tree varieties, among which Tieguanyin tea quality is the best.

Tieguanyin was originally the name of the tea tree variety. Because it is suitable for making oolong tea, the finished oolong tea is also called Tieguanyin. Tieguanyin tea is oolong tea made from Tieguanyin tea tree.

Anxi Tieguanyin is rigorously produced and has exquisite skills. The rules for picking fresh leaves must be after the young shoots have formed buds, and when the parietal leaves have just developed a small or medium-open face, the second and third leaves will be picked. When harvesting, the "five nos" should be fulfilled, that is, the leaves should not be broken, the leaves should not be folded, the leaf tips should not be broken, the single piece should not be attached, and the fish leaves and old stems should not be attached. The fresh leaves of tea trees in different growing areas should be decomposed, especially the early green, afternoon green and late green should be seriously decomposed and manufactured, and the quality of afternoon green should be the best.

The manufacturing process of Anxi Tieguanyin has to go through: cool green, dry green, cool green, make green, (shake green spread), stir fry, knead, first bake, re-bake, re-bake and knead, slow roasting, pick toss Wait until the process is finished.

The high-quality Tieguanyin tea sticks are curled, knotted, heavy, and have the shape of a dragonfly head with green stems and green belly. The luster is fresh, the sand is green, the red dots are bright, and the leaf surface is hoarfrost, which is undoubtedly one of the pivotal characteristics of the superior Tieguanyin. The color of Tieguanyin soup is golden yellow, strong and clear, and the leaf bottom is thick and bright, with a silky color. Bubble tea soup is mellow and sweet, and the imported sweetness has a honey flavor; the aroma is fragrant and long-lasting, and it has the reputation of "seven bubbles with aftertaste".

Obesity is a nutritional disorder that occurs with the continuous improvement of people's living standards. It is caused by excessive nutrient intake or insufficient utilization of stored energy in the body. Obesity not only brings a lot of inconvenience to people's daily life, but also is a cause of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. In 1996, the Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine conducted a study on the weight loss effect of drinking Tieguanyin among 102 adult men and women with simple obesity. Studies have shown that Tieguanyin contains a large amount of tea polyphenols, which can not only improve the function of lipase, but also promote the metabolic activity of neutral lipase in tissues. Therefore, drinking Tieguanyin can improve the body shape of obese people, effectively reduce the subcutaneous fat and waist circumference of obese people, thereby reducing their weight.

Tea is a good drink to prevent heatstroke and cool down. Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica" contains: "Tea is bitter and cold, and it can reduce fire the most. Fire is a hundred diseases, and when fire falls, it becomes clear. Warm drinks will reduce fire due to cold, and hot drinks will rise and disperse through fire." Futian, when the sun is cool and the heat is overwhelming, drinking a cup of cool Tieguanyin or a cup of hot Tieguanyin will make you feel cool in body and mind, and relieve the heat. This is because the tea soup contains tea polyphenols, sugars, amino acids, pectin, vitamins, etc., which chemically react with the saliva in the mouth to moisten the mouth, so it can play a role in promoting body fluid and quenching thirst. At the same time, due to the effect of caffeine in Tieguanyin, a large amount of energy is released from the skin pores of the human body. According to reports, drinking a cup of hot tea, the heat emitted by sweating through the pores of the human skin is equivalent to 50 times that of this cup of tea, so it can make people feel cool and relieve the heat.

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Almost everyone knows that drinking tea can refresh the mind. There are many records in medical books of the past dynasties in my country, and the literati, writers and monks of the past dynasties all waved the wonderful brushes of flowers and praised the power of tea to refresh the mind and improve the mind. Bai Juyi's poem "Giving the Thirteenth to the East Neighbor King" says: "Hand in hand with the moon on the edge of the pool, open the bamboo to the wind. Dispel worries and know the power of alcohol, and break sleep to see the power of tea." The poem clearly mentions the power of tea to refresh the mind and break sleep. Su Dongpo's poem said: "Thirty pieces of Jiancha, regardless of the taste, are given to Layman Bao, who fights the sleeping devil in the monk's room." Drinking tea can improve thinking, so it is loved by people, especially by some writers, poets and other mental workers. For example, the great French writer Balzac, the Chinese-American female writer Han Suyin and the famous Chinese writer Yao Xueyin all love tea to help Wen Si.

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Tieguanyin can refresh the mind, and its function is mainly due to the caffeine in tea. Caffeine has the functions of exciting the central nervous system, improving thinking and improving efficiency. Therefore, after drinking tea, it can break sleep, refresh the mind, get rid of troubles, relieve fatigue, clear the mind, improve thinking, and can significantly improve the oral defense ability and the response of mathematical thinking. At the same time, because Tieguanyin contains compounds such as polyphenols, it offsets the adverse effects of pure caffeine on the human body. This is also one of the important reasons for the long history of tea drinking, enduring prosperity and continuous development.