全球重要农业文化遗产 安溪铁观音茶文化系统正式入列

　5月20日，“安溪铁观音茶文化系统”被联合国粮农组织（FAO）正式认定为“全球重要农业文化遗产（GIAHS）”。

铁观音茶山。

　　5月17-19日，全球重要农业文化遗产科学咨询小组在意大利罗马召开会议，中国的三个传统农业生产系统——安溪铁观音茶文化系统、内蒙古阿鲁科尔沁草原游牧系统和河北涉县旱作石堰梯田系统，因其独特的传统生产方式和知识体系，在食物与生计安全、重要的农业生物多样性、社会价值与文化以及杰出的生态价值、景观等方面具有显著特点和全球重要性，符合GIAHS评选标准，被联合国粮农组织正式认定为全球重要农业文化遗产（GIAHS）。

　　迄今为止，中国共有18处遗产地入选全球重要农业文化遗产。粮农组织全球重要农业文化遗产网络现涵盖全球22个国家的65个系统。

铁观音茶园

　　“安溪铁观音茶文化系统”具有显著的全球重要性，主要体现在首创了乌龙茶制作技术和茶树“短穗扦插”繁殖技术，丰富了世界茶叶种类和茶树繁殖技术；发现了铁观音茶树品种，至今仍保留有铁观音母树，丰富了世界茶树基因库；茶树的生态种植管理模式，对全球山区生态农业建设具有示范作用；茶文化传承模式为重要农业文化遗产保护与传承提供借鉴。

　　2019年1月，安溪县委、县政府成立“安溪铁观音茶文化系统”申报全球重要农业文化遗产工作领导小组，同时启动并扎实推进申报工作。2019年6月，“安溪铁观音茶文化系统”入选第二批中国“全球重要农业文化遗产预备名单”，10月入选农业农村部向联合国粮农组织推荐的“申报全球重要农业文化遗产名单”。2020年入选联合国粮农组织“全球重要农业文化遗产候选项目”。2022年5月20日，“安溪铁观音茶文化系统”被联合国粮农组织（FAO）正式认定为“全球重要农业文化遗产（GIAHS）”。

铁观音茶树

　　安溪位于福建省东南部，总面积3057平方公里，是中国乌龙茶之乡、世界名茶铁观音的发源地。2016年以来，安溪铁观音连续四次位居中国地理标志产品区域品牌价值茶叶类第一，荣获中国十大茶叶区域公用品牌。独特的气候环境以及“天、地、人、种”完美结合的生产制作体系，造就了铁观音独一无二的高贵品质——天然“兰花香”和独特“观音韵”。（记者 陈培源 通讯员 张锦川）

On May 20, "Anxi Tieguanyin Tea Culture System" was officially recognized as "Globally Important Agricultural Cultural Heritage (GIAHS)" by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).

Tieguanyin Tea Mountain. Photo by Southeast Net reporter Chen Peiyuan

From May 17th to 19th, the Scientific Advisory Group of Globally Important Agricultural Cultural Heritage held a meeting in Rome, Italy. Three traditional agricultural production systems in China - Anxi Tieguanyin tea culture system, Inner Mongolia Alu Horqin grassland nomadic system and Hebei Shexian drought The Shiyan Terraced Field System, because of its unique traditional production methods and knowledge systems, has significant characteristics and global importance in terms of food and livelihood security, important agricultural biodiversity, social value and culture, as well as outstanding ecological value, landscape, etc. , in line with the GIAHS selection criteria, and was officially recognized by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization as a Globally Important Agricultural Cultural Heritage (GIAHS).

So far, 18 heritage sites in China have been selected as the world's important agricultural cultural heritage. The FAO Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Network now covers 65 systems in 22 countries around the world.

Tieguanyin Tea Garden. Photo by Southeast Net reporter Chen Peiyuan

"Anxi Tieguanyin Tea Culture System" has significant global importance, mainly reflected in the pioneering of oolong tea production technology and tea tree "short spike cutting" propagation technology, which has enriched the world's tea species and tea tree propagation technology; discovered Tieguanyin tea varieties, The Tieguanyin mother tree is still preserved, which enriches the world's tea tree gene pool; the ecological planting management model of tea tree has a demonstration effect on the construction of ecological agriculture in the global mountainous area; the tea culture inheritance model provides reference for the protection and inheritance of important agricultural cultural heritage.

In January 2019, the Anxi County Party Committee and the County Government established the "Anxi Tieguanyin Tea Culture System" leading group for the application of important global agricultural cultural heritage, and at the same time started and solidly promoted the application work. In June 2019, "Anxi Tieguanyin Tea Culture System" was selected into the second batch of China's "Preliminary List of Globally Important Agricultural Cultural Heritage", and in October it was selected into the "List of Globally Important Agricultural Cultural Heritage" recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. In 2020, it was selected as the "Candidate Project of Globally Important Agricultural Cultural Heritage" by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. On May 20, 2022, "Anxi Tieguanyin Tea Culture System" was officially recognized as "Globally Important Agricultural Cultural Heritage (GIAHS)" by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).

Tieguanyin tea tree. Photo by Southeast Net reporter Chen Peiyuan

Anxi is located in the southeast of Fujian Province, with a total area of 3057 square kilometers. It is the hometown of Chinese oolong tea and the birthplace of the world famous tea Tieguanyin. Since 2016, Anxi Tieguanyin has ranked first in the tea category of China's geographical indication products in regional brand value for four consecutive times, and won the top ten tea regional public brands in China. The unique climatic environment and the production system with the perfect combination of "heaven, earth, people and species" have created Tieguanyin's unique and noble quality - natural "orchid fragrance" and unique "Guanyin charm". (Reporter Chen Peiyuan, correspondent Zhang Jinchuan)